TEMPO and HUP

A Blog for Civil Debate on Political Philosophy

A Blog for Civil Debate on Political Philosophy

Substantive Wrongs

June 7, 2020 by Alan Bernstein 12 Comments

June 6, 2020

76th Anniversary of Normandy Invasion, 1944.

A conservative person I deeply respect recently gave me this challenge. “Put aside Donald Trump’s vicious character and objectionable personality and tell me what he has actually done wrong.” So let’s ignore his psychology and focus on his behavior. Headings will make this easier, though some items will overlap. 

A. Isolates the country internationally.

  • In a 2017 conversation with Russian ambassador Segei Kislyak and foreign minister Sergei Lavrov, the President unwittingly revealed Israel as the source of highly classified intelligence about plans for terrorist attacks by ISIS.
  • Kowtowed to dictators: Putin (Helsinki), Kim (Singapore), Xi (G20 in Osaka), Erdogan (Dec. 4, 2019, the White House), thus undermining our democratic traditions.
  • Diminishes support for NATO, our bulwark against Russia, and co-defender of our democratic ideals. 
  • Withdrew from international accords limiting Iran’s nuclear development (the Iran Deal).
  • Abandoned the Kurds in Syria, our allies against Saddam Hussein, Al-Qaeda, and ISIS, to curry favor with Recep Tayyip Erdogan, who opposes them in Turkey.
  • Weakened U. S. support of Ukraine against Russia.
  • Mercantilism (economic nationalism). Trade wars. Tariffs on all goods from China, on steel, aluminum from Canada and Mexico.
  • His exaggerated emphasis on a Southern border wall weakens ties with our neighbor, Mexico.
  • One good thing: opposes China’s theft of intellectual property.

B. Weakens environmental safeguards:

  • Removes many environmental checks on industries — unwise given global climate change.
  • Supports coal and petroleum industries, which emit carcinogens and carbon dioxide, thereby causing disease and warming the planet.
  • Withdrew from the Paris Climate Agreement, the beginning of an effort to attack a global problem on a global scale.
  • Cuts budget of Environmental Protection Agency.

C. Exacerbates hatred.

  • After the “Unite the Right” Rally in Charlottesville, August 11-12, 2017, Trump, in a misguided effort to please everyone, declared “There were very fine people on both sides.” Note that one of the organizers of the rally took the internet alias, Crystal Knight, a punning allusion to the first, nationwide action against Jews in Nazi Germany, Kristallnacht, 9-10 Nov, 1938. Prior to the march that killed a counter-protester, the demonstrators prepared in neo-Nazi, White Supremacist, and Klan meetings and, online, declared their despicable loyalties. As they marched, they chanted, “Jews will not replace us.”
  • Stigmatizes categories of people with pejorative language: Muslims (“terrorists”), Mexicans (“animals, rapists, drug dealers”). Uses criminal or terrorist fringe, like MS-13, hardly a typical group, to characterize whole populations. Stigmatizes women, “who will let you do anything if you’re famous.”
  • Fostered cruelty against immigrants as a deterrent, thus undercutting U. S. reputation as a refuge for the persecuted (like many of my professors in graduate school).

D. Oppresses the needy.

  • Although I cannot find the actual source, Ronald Reagan is frequently credited with expressing this sentiment: “Protecting the rights of even the least individual among us is basically the only excuse the government has for even existing.” Donald Trump fails to meet this deliberately minimized standard.
  • Oppresses women worldwide by eliminating reference to sex education, contraception, and abortion from international aid programs. He applies this “gag rule” at home and abroad.
  • His tax cut of Dec. 22, 2017 increased the national debt although it distributed its benefits inequitably. It (1) reduced corporate tax rate from an average in 2012 of 29% to a 22% stipulated rate (not counting deductions) and (2) limited deductions for state taxes, which impacts states that tax more heavily. Upshot: makes it more expensive for liberal states to offer social services.
  • Restructured Affordable Care Act. (1) Removed the individual mandate, which thereby reduced the size of the insurance market and increased premiums for sicker individuals. (2) Encouraged states to restrict Medicaid expansion (a benefit for the poor) by, among other things, adding work requirements. (3) Allowed states to essentially substitute their own Medicaid programs. Because many states are required to balance their budgets, the removal of federal aid reduces medical help to the poor.

E. Exaggerates Presidential Authority.

  • Banishes note takers from his summit meetings. Without notes, we cannot hold our leaders accountable. We cannot “trust but verify” (Ronald Reagan’s advice) whatever the foreign leader might have agreed to, so the arrangements cannot be enforced. This violates the first of Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points. “Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at. . . . Diplomacy [should] proceed always frankly and in the public view.”
  • Appointed Brett Cavanaugh to the Supreme Court because he wrote an essay exaggerating the powers of the executive branch and despite fact he was beneath inclusion on a list of 25 recommended by the conservative Federalist Society.
  • Appointed William Barr who, as an AG hopeful, wrote a brief (probably much like this speech) designed to augment the unitary executive, which misrepresents the president’s power to act alone.
  • Circumvented congressional power over the budget and declared an emergency, Feb. 15, 2019, where none existed, to obtain funding for a border wall.
  • Preference for acting heads of federal agencies, thus avoiding need for congressional advice and consent — a fundamental aspect of constitutionally mandated checks and balances.
  • Demanded loyalty from FBI Director James Comey even though Comey’s revival, in October, 2016, of the case against Hillary Clinton over her private email server was instrumental to his election. As the FBI is, in principle, an independent agency, a demand of loyalty is not appropriate. Loyalty pertains more to feudal lords than to constitutionally limited presidents.
  • The Mueller investigation into the possible collusion of the Trump campaign with Russian interference in the 2016 election, “does not exonerate” Donald Trump on 10 counts of obstructing justice. Because the president cannot be exonerated of obstructing the investigation into his collusion with the Russians, his participation in the collusion remains unresolved. Our president should be above suspicion of collusion with a foreign power to secure his own election. 
  • In Helsinki, on July 16, 2018, he naively, publicly, embarrassingly, accepted Vladimir Putin’s guarantee that the Russian president had not meddled in our 2016 election despite evidence to the contrary, which, at that time, was growing. At the very least, he should have declared it an open question and thanked Putin for his opinion.

F.  Errors of omission. Our president fails to solicit, engage, or heed information from experts in science, medicine, policing, diplomacy, international law, and military affairs. He ignored early signs of the danger from the Coronavirus, redrew the path of Hurricane Dorian contrary to expert projections, advised police not to shield heads of arrestees being put into cars, advised ingesting bleach to treat Covid-19, denies the status of refugees despite the international standing of the right to sanctuary, claims noise from wind turbines causes cancer, ignored CIA station chief in Iraq prior to abandoning the Kurds in that country. “Once again, we’ve turned our back on a loyal ally, an ally that not just shared our ideology and our goals, but actually bled for the United States on the battlefield. . . . The Turkish military was poised and immediately filled the vacuum,” said veteran Doug Wise.

G. Tells lies:  This heading violates the rules of this exercise because the president’s mendacity is part of his character. Still, it harms the country when a president makes untrue statements — especially if he does so often. A Republican supports this observation here. And here is a link to the fact-checkers of the Washington Post.

In conclusion: It’s not true that character and personality don’t matter. Presidents should exemplify a leadership that emanates from probity, courage, service, patriotism, and statesmanship.

Sanctuary for Immigrants

June 22, 2019 by Alan Bernstein 1 Comment

Yes, even illegals. I don’t want known criminals to enter the country, but I do favor sanctuary for desperate refugees. It’s surprising that Trump supporters don’t value those winners who flee tyranny and arrive here from Central America. These people “made it”! Think of the courage, the perseverance, the drive those people have shown! You think they won’t be able to contribute to this country? They’re success stories!

OK, they should enter legally. Right. If possible. Confronted with this dilemma, I think of the word “equity.” It doesn’t only mean “equality.” It also means “fairness” —in the deepest sense. It applies particularly to situations like this, when applying the law strictly would result in a greater injustice than letting an apparent violation pass.

A good example comes from Berlin after the Wall went up. How we cheered for the captives of the East who made it, underground, illegally, to West Berlin! The Newseum celebrates the contrast today in Washington D. C., where the two sides of the Wall are on display.

East Side West Side

Perhaps recognizing that legacy, or conscious of those forced to flee the Nazis, Angela Merkel led Europe in accepting refugees from the Middle East and North Africa in Germany. She has paid a political price, but it was the right thing to do.

There are other historical parallels that wrench the heart. I’m reminded of the Jews from Germany who sailed to our shores in the 1940s and were sent back to die in the concentration camps. I’m reminded of the hope that Israel represented for many compelled to flee the Nazis and who needed a refuge, a sanctuary. America has offered similar hope to many over the centuries. How legally they all entered: all the Irish, Italians, Jews, Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese and others from around the world (despite our legal but immoral bias towards certain countries —races) is an open question. In today’s debates, it’s assumed they all entered legally. Frankly, I doubt it. But how do you prove it either way after all this time?

The Underground Railroad also comes to mind. This illegal network helped the enslaved escape after the Northern states abolished slavery before and during the Civil War. They were all “illegals,” the property of their owners (whatever that means). Anyone who located one was bound to return him or her. Fortunately, many people understood the principle of equity and offered them sanctuary. You bet! I’m on the side of the enslaved who escaped and I favor those who sheltered them.

As for the illegals at our borders today I say we should process them kindly. Many of them openly seek legal status under the laws of sanctuary, specifically the right of non-return or non-refoulement. Prohibitions against forcing refugees back into danger in their home countries exist in international and United States law. Sure, some cross outside established entry points, but many, many more are waiting their turn for legal hearings. They are being stalled by a contrived shortage of personnel and the Trump administration’s vindictiveness. We, as citizens, could meet this challenge if we wished, if we would pressure our representatives to act humanely instead of from xenophobic fear of strangers. Anything less is a prodigious sin of omission.

Some people object that creating sanctuaries opens our borders and threatens national security. The smear of “open borders” is a vicious exaggeration. No one goes that far. The charge implies we wish no planning whatsoever. But that is not the case. When we accept this challenge, as we must, we could organize humane transition centers, guarantee an education, teach English and Spanish, inculcate the basics of democracy through civics, American history, and entrepreneurship — as we do our own. Once trained here, some would return and implant our values in their home countries. Indeed, it is the lack of such institutions and opportunities —not to mention crime, corruption, gang violence, economic devastation, and drought caused by global warming— in their homeland that has driven them here. Such a plan would implement the vision articulated but not effectuated by presidents Ronald Reagan and George W. Bush of spreading democracy. When we wake up and do that, we would teach not only by precept but also by example. Yes, these ideas would be expensive, but this investment would yield ample returns in economic benefit and international good will. We Americans like to think of ourselves as world leaders. How can we ignore an opportunity like this?

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